Electric Vehicle Training Equipment | Comprehensive Solutions for Modern EV Education
As the shift to electric vehicles (EVs) accelerates, proper training is crucial. Our electric vehicle training equipment equips institutions and workshops with hands-on tools for motor assembly, hybrid system troubleshooting, and more. These solutions ensure high-quality, practical training for the future of automotive technology.
Our Electric Vehicle Training Equipment Range
Our collection features 42 specialized products that cover all the essential components of electric vehicle (EV) training. Designed to teach key aspects of EV drive systems, hybrid engine technology, and battery management systems, our equipment ensures hands-on learning for every aspect of modern EV technology. Whether you’re looking to train on electric motor disassembly and assembly, diagnose system faults, or test complex drive and powertrain systems, our range has you covered. With realistic, high-quality tools and technology, our training solutions provide invaluable skills for automotive professionals.
Product Categories in Electric Vehicle Training
Pure electric vehicle drive system training bench
Models: ZC-QCG50
This equipment offers a clear, hands-on look at the pure electric vehicle drive system, ideal for teaching schools about electric vehicle drive systems and new energy automotive courses.
This equipment offers a clear, hands-on look at the pure electric vehicle drive system, ideal for teaching schools about electric vehicle drive systems and new energy automotive courses.
Pure electric vehicle integrated training system
Models: ZC-QCG51
This product uses real vehicle parts to show the system’s structure, with a clear wiring diagram and data transmission via USB. It includes a 21.5-inch HD display, an intelligent teaching system, and allows students to test electrical signals with tools like multimeters and oscilloscopes.
This product uses real vehicle parts to show the system’s structure, with a clear wiring diagram and data transmission via USB. It includes a 21.5-inch HD display, an intelligent teaching system, and allows students to test electrical signals with tools like multimeters and oscilloscopes.
Pure electric vehicle drive motor disassembly andassembly trainer
Models: ZC-QCG52
This product has a rotating mechanism for easy assembly and disassembly, a durable steel frame with movable casters, a complete new energy vehicle motor assembly on a flip frame, and an oil pan for storing small parts.
This product has a rotating mechanism for easy assembly and disassembly, a durable steel frame with movable casters, a complete new energy vehicle motor assembly on a flip frame, and an oil pan for storing small parts.
Pure electric vehicle controller testing and disassembly trainer
Models: ZC-QCG53
This product features a durable steel frame with movable self-locking casters for easy teaching, a rotating mechanism for adjusting the transmission at any angle, a three-in-one new energy vehicle controller assembly for easy disassembly, and an oil pan at the bottom for storing small parts and screws.
This product features a durable steel frame with movable self-locking casters for easy teaching, a rotating mechanism for adjusting the transmission at any angle, a three-in-one new energy vehicle controller assembly for easy disassembly, and an oil pan at the bottom for storing small parts and screws.
Automotive hybrid engine trainer
Models: ZC-QCG54
This equipment uses a real gasoline-electric hybrid engine and electronic transmission axle, allowing hands-on operations like starting, acceleration, and deceleration, while clearly showing how the hybrid engine works.
This equipment uses a real gasoline-electric hybrid engine and electronic transmission axle, allowing hands-on operations like starting, acceleration, and deceleration, while clearly showing how the hybrid engine works.
Hybrid system engine transmission system anatomy display stand
Models: ZC-QCG55
This equipment features a refurbished hybrid system with cross-section processing, simulating six driving conditions to help students understand how the hybrid power system works.
This equipment features a refurbished hybrid system with cross-section processing, simulating six driving conditions to help students understand how the hybrid power system works.
Steel contour car detection system
Models: ZC-QCG56
This system features six detection boards to monitor sensors and actuators in real time. It provides a realistic, easy-to-teach view of electric vehicle systems. A practical alternative to using a real car for training.
This system features six detection boards to monitor sensors and actuators in real time. It provides a realistic, easy-to-teach view of electric vehicle systems. A practical alternative to using a real car for training.
Vehicle anatomy detection system
Models: ZC-QCG57
This system, based on the BYD Qin EV450, uses six detection boards to monitor sensors and actuators in real time. It offers an intuitive view of electric vehicle systems, making it a more convenient and realistic teaching tool than real vehicles.
This system, based on the BYD Qin EV450, uses six detection boards to monitor sensors and actuators in real time. It offers an intuitive view of electric vehicle systems, making it a more convenient and realistic teaching tool than real vehicles.
Pure electric vehicle driving system assembly and testing technology platform
Models: ZC-QCG59
This platform includes a motor and control system with easy motor-gearbox separation. The three-phase motor delivers 310N.m torque, 160kW power, and 12,000 rpm speed.
This platform includes a motor and control system with easy motor-gearbox separation. The three-phase motor delivers 310N.m torque, 160kW power, and 12,000 rpm speed.
Power battery assembly and testing technology platform
Models: ZC-QCG60
The system calibrates and detects the battery pack, allowing students to analyze data via an easy interface. It performs self-tests on communication modules, highlights issues in red, and confirms normal results in green. It also detects relays in real time and provides feedback through CAN bus.
The system calibrates and detects the battery pack, allowing students to analyze data via an easy interface. It performs self-tests on communication modules, highlights issues in red, and confirms normal results in green. It also detects relays in real time and provides feedback through CAN bus.
Intelligent training platformfor charging equipment assembly and debugging
Models: ZC-QCG61
The anti-static workbench ensures component safety with thorough testing for insulation and short circuits. The platform includes full protections (overvoltage, temperature, short-circuit, etc.) and a modular cabinet structure for easy assembly and repeated use. It allows verification of correct wiring after connecting the charging equipment.
The anti-static workbench ensures component safety with thorough testing for insulation and short circuits. The platform includes full protections (overvoltage, temperature, short-circuit, etc.) and a modular cabinet structure for easy assembly and repeated use. It allows verification of correct wiring after connecting the charging equipment.
Original car high-voltage control box assembly disassembly inspection platform
Models: ZC-QCG62
The equipment has a strong aluminum or steel frame, supporting 300-400 kg, with movable wheels for easy transport. It includes a disassembled high-voltage control box from a new energy vehicle for hands-on teaching.
The equipment has a strong aluminum or steel frame, supporting 300-400 kg, with movable wheels for easy transport. It includes a disassembled high-voltage control box from a new energy vehicle for hands-on teaching.
Original car on-board charger assembly disassembly inspection station
Models: ZC-QCG63
The equipment has a sturdy aluminum or steel frame, supporting 300-400 kg, with wheels for easy mobility. It includes a disassembled original car charger from a new energy vehicle for hands-on teaching.
The equipment has a sturdy aluminum or steel frame, supporting 300-400 kg, with wheels for easy mobility. It includes a disassembled original car charger from a new energy vehicle for hands-on teaching.
Original car DC\DC assembly disassembly test platform
Models: ZC-QCG64
The equipment includes a disassembled original DC/DC car charger from a new energy vehicle for hands-on teaching. It has a strong aluminum or steel frame, supporting 300-400 kg, with wheels for easy movement and secure positioning.
The equipment includes a disassembled original DC/DC car charger from a new energy vehicle for hands-on teaching. It has a strong aluminum or steel frame, supporting 300-400 kg, with wheels for easy movement and secure positioning.
Pure electric vehicle chassis system trainer
Models: ZC-QCG65
This comprehensive chassis training equipment uses a BYD Es pure electric vehicle with the body shell removed, showing all the internal and external systems. You can observe the car’s components in action, making it ideal for teaching the theory and maintenance of pure electric vehicles.
This comprehensive chassis training equipment uses a BYD Es pure electric vehicle with the body shell removed, showing all the internal and external systems. You can observe the car’s components in action, making it ideal for teaching the theory and maintenance of pure electric vehicles.
Hydrogen fuel cell training platform
Models: ZC-QCG66
This equipment showcases the structure and working principle of a hydrogen fuel cell system, dynamically simulating its operation to help students better understand how it works. It’s ideal for colleges and training centers teaching the theory and maintenance of hydrogen fuel systems.
This equipment showcases the structure and working principle of a hydrogen fuel cell system, dynamically simulating its operation to help students better understand how it works. It’s ideal for colleges and training centers teaching the theory and maintenance of hydrogen fuel systems.
New energy electronics simulation training box
Models: ZC-QCG74
The new energy vehicle electronic simulation box is designed for vocational colleges, featuring a mobile power supply, detection instruments, and a three-electric system. It offers a complete protection scheme and supports both theoretical and hands-on experiments to enhance students’ practical and innovative skills.
The new energy vehicle electronic simulation box is designed for vocational colleges, featuring a mobile power supply, detection instruments, and a three-electric system. It offers a complete protection scheme and supports both theoretical and hands-on experiments to enhance students’ practical and innovative skills.
New energy vehicle electrical and electronic teaching assessment system
Models: ZC-QCG67
The new energy vehicle electrical and electronics teaching system helps students master basic electrical knowledge and skills, covering common electrical and electronic concepts needed for new energy vehicles.
The new energy vehicle electrical and electronics teaching system helps students master basic electrical knowledge and skills, covering common electrical and electronic concepts needed for new energy vehicles.
High voltage control and safety protection training platform
Models: ZC-QCG68
This training covers high voltage safety, including protective equipment use, CPR, electric shock simulation, safety warnings, high voltage interlocking, potential equalization, power system operation, insulation monitoring, and new energy vehicle safety strategies.
This training covers high voltage safety, including protective equipment use, CPR, electric shock simulation, safety warnings, high voltage interlocking, potential equalization, power system operation, insulation monitoring, and new energy vehicle safety strategies.
Power battery showcase
Models: ZC-QCG69
This product displays various battery assemblies, highlighting their structure and materials for teaching purposes. It features acrylic labels explaining components and a multimedia screen showing videos on new energy vehicle principles. Ideal for vocational colleges and auto service industry exhibitions.
This product displays various battery assemblies, highlighting their structure and materials for teaching purposes. It features acrylic labels explaining components and a multimedia screen showing videos on new energy vehicle principles. Ideal for vocational colleges and auto service industry exhibitions.
High-voltage components and connector showcase
Models: ZC-QCG70
This product displays various new energy vehicle high-voltage connectors, showcasing their structure and materials for teaching. It features acrylic labels for component explanations and a multimedia screen with videos on new energy vehicle principles. Ideal for vocational colleges and automotive service industry exhibitions.
This product displays various new energy vehicle high-voltage connectors, showcasing their structure and materials for teaching. It features acrylic labels for component explanations and a multimedia screen with videos on new energy vehicle principles. Ideal for vocational colleges and automotive service industry exhibitions.
High and low-yoltage electronic components showcase
Models: ZC-QCG71
This product showcases high and low-voltage components of new energy vehicles, helping teach their structure and materials. It features acrylic labels for component explanations and a multimedia screen with videos on vehicle principles. Ideal for vocational colleges and automotive industry exhibitions.
This product showcases high and low-voltage components of new energy vehicles, helping teach their structure and materials. It features acrylic labels for component explanations and a multimedia screen with videos on vehicle principles. Ideal for vocational colleges and automotive industry exhibitions.
Drive motor dissection display stand
Models: ZC-QCG72
The drive motor anatomy display stand helps students understand the structure and working principles of electric vehicle drive motors. Equipped with professional teaching tools, it provides a clear, hands-on way to learn about the main controller’s functionality.
The drive motor anatomy display stand helps students understand the structure and working principles of electric vehicle drive motors. Equipped with professional teaching tools, it provides a clear, hands-on way to learn about the main controller’s functionality.
Drive motor controller anatomy display stand
Models: ZC-QCG73
The drive motor controller anatomy display stand helps students understand the structure and working principles of electric vehicle drive motor controllers.
The drive motor controller anatomy display stand helps students understand the structure and working principles of electric vehicle drive motor controllers.
Electric air conditioning system teaching and training platform
Models: ZC-QCG75
This setup simulates the BYD Qin EV electric air conditioning system, including key components like the evaporator, condenser, and control units. It’s designed for teaching electric air conditioning principles in vocational colleges, with tools for testing and maintenance.
This setup simulates the BYD Qin EV electric air conditioning system, including key components like the evaporator, condenser, and control units. It’s designed for teaching electric air conditioning principles in vocational colleges, with tools for testing and maintenance.
New energy vehicle ABS system training platform
Models: ZC-QCG76
This product simulates the ABS/EBD braking system of electric vehicles, using a motor and rollers to mimic road conditions. It features adjustable speeds, real-time pressure readings, and allows for ECU diagnostics like fault codes and actuator testing, making it perfect for teaching ABS/EBD systems.
This product simulates the ABS/EBD braking system of electric vehicles, using a motor and rollers to mimic road conditions. It features adjustable speeds, real-time pressure readings, and allows for ECU diagnostics like fault codes and actuator testing, making it perfect for teaching ABS/EBD systems.
AC charging system training platform
Models: ZC-QCG77
This system, based on an actual EV AC charging pile, includes a mobile platform and teaching panel. It covers the structure, operation, and diagnostics of electric vehicle charging systems, featuring components like leakage protection, smart meters, controllers, relays, charging guns, and more.
This system, based on an actual EV AC charging pile, includes a mobile platform and teaching panel. It covers the structure, operation, and diagnostics of electric vehicle charging systems, featuring components like leakage protection, smart meters, controllers, relays, charging guns, and more.
AC and DC charging system training platform
Models: ZC-QCG78
This system, based on real AC/DC EV charging piles, includes a mobile platform and teaching panel. It covers the structure, operation, and diagnostics of EV charging systems, with components like leakage protection, smart meters, controllers, relays, charging guns, and more.
This system, based on real AC/DC EV charging piles, includes a mobile platform and teaching panel. It covers the structure, operation, and diagnostics of EV charging systems, with components like leakage protection, smart meters, controllers, relays, charging guns, and more.
DC charging system training platform
Models: ZC-QCG79
This system, based on a real DC EV charging pile, includes a mobile platform and teaching panel. It covers the structure, operation, and diagnostics of charging systems, with components like leakage protection, smart meters, controllers, relays, charging guns, and more.
This system, based on a real DC EV charging pile, includes a mobile platform and teaching panel. It covers the structure, operation, and diagnostics of charging systems, with components like leakage protection, smart meters, controllers, relays, charging guns, and more.
New energy steering system training platform
Models: ZC-QCG80
This product is built using BYD’s original electric power steering components, ensuring full compatibility and enhancing equipment safety and stability. It provides hands-on teaching for understanding the EPs electric power steering system in BYD’s pure electric vehicles.
This product is built using BYD’s original electric power steering components, ensuring full compatibility and enhancing equipment safety and stability. It provides hands-on teaching for understanding the EPs electric power steering system in BYD’s pure electric vehicles.
Electric vehicle motor control system training platform
Models: ZC-QCG81
Learn the basics of electric vehicle drive motors and controllers, understand the AC motor control system’s structure and working principles, and explore its control circuits and components through hands-on demonstrations and circuit analysis.
Learn the basics of electric vehicle drive motors and controllers, understand the AC motor control system’s structure and working principles, and explore its control circuits and components through hands-on demonstrations and circuit analysis.
Electric vehicle battery management system (BMS) training platform
Models: ZC-QCG82
This system teaches the structure and operation of electric vehicle AC motor control, including components like the battery box, BMS, charger, relays, and touch display, offering hands-on experience with motor control circuits.
This system teaches the structure and operation of electric vehicle AC motor control, including components like the battery box, BMS, charger, relays, and touch display, offering hands-on experience with motor control circuits.
New energy vehicle lighting system training platform
Models: ZC-QCG83
The lighting system training platform, based on Volkswagen ID.4, lets students learn to recognize, diagnose, and maintain new energy vehicle lighting systems. They can simulate faults and directly measure signals at the detection terminals during hands-on training.
The lighting system training platform, based on Volkswagen ID.4, lets students learn to recognize, diagnose, and maintain new energy vehicle lighting systems. They can simulate faults and directly measure signals at the detection terminals during hands-on training.
New energy vehicle comfort system training platform
Models: ZC-QCG84
The comfort system training platform, based on Volkswagen ID.4, teaches students to diagnose and repair key systems like central locking, electric mirrors, and infotainment. It works with the lighting system platform to simulate faults, allowing hands-on practice with circuit diagnostics and signal measurements.
The comfort system training platform, based on Volkswagen ID.4, teaches students to diagnose and repair key systems like central locking, electric mirrors, and infotainment. It works with the lighting system platform to simulate faults, allowing hands-on practice with circuit diagnostics and signal measurements.
New energy vehicle vehicle structure recognition and disassembly simulation teaching software
Models: ZC-QCG85
The software lets students interact with 1:1 models of new energy vehicles, offering 360° views, disassembly, and assembly with step-by-step instructions. It includes virtual tools and prompts for hands-on training.
The software lets students interact with 1:1 models of new energy vehicles, offering 360° views, disassembly, and assembly with step-by-step instructions. It includes virtual tools and prompts for hands-on training.
New energy vehicle battery virtual structure principles simulation teaching software
Models: ZC-QCG86
The software allows teachers to demonstrate and students to practice independently with smooth 3D interactions. It offers step-by-step prompts, realistic simulations, and sound effects, ensuring safe, practical, and engaging training.
The software allows teachers to demonstrate and students to practice independently with smooth 3D interactions. It offers step-by-step prompts, realistic simulations, and sound effects, ensuring safe, practical, and engaging training.
New energy vehicle motor virtualstructure principles simulation teaching software
Models: ZC-QCG87
The software lets teachers demonstrate and students practice independently, with smooth 3D interactions, real-time performance at 25+ frames per second, and step-by-step prompts to guide learning.
The software lets teachers demonstrate and students practice independently, with smooth 3D interactions, real-time performance at 25+ frames per second, and step-by-step prompts to guide learning.
New energy modification teaching vehicle supporting vehicle testing traning system
Models: ZC-QCG88
The product includes a detection module, manual setting, wireless fault collection system, lossless jumper harness, display, and main frame, supporting both manual and wireless intelligent fault setting.
The product includes a detection module, manual setting, wireless fault collection system, lossless jumper harness, display, and main frame, supporting both manual and wireless intelligent fault setting.
New Energy Modification Teaching Vehicle Supporting Vehicle Control System Diagnosis and Maintenance Training Platform
Models: ZC-QCG89
The system simulates real-world vehicle diagnostics and maintenance, supporting high-voltage safety awareness, efficient operation with dedicated connections for key components, and quick module replacement for accurate fault diagnosis.
The system simulates real-world vehicle diagnostics and maintenance, supporting high-voltage safety awareness, efficient operation with dedicated connections for key components, and quick module replacement for accurate fault diagnosis.
New Energy Vehicle Battery Pack Test Training Platform
Models: ZC-QCG90
The system supports power management, battery module assembly, functional verification, and diagnostics, meeting the needs for teaching, training, and cognitive testing in new energy vehicle power systems.
The system supports power management, battery module assembly, functional verification, and diagnostics, meeting the needs for teaching, training, and cognitive testing in new energy vehicle power systems.
New Energy Vehicle Power Battery BMS Management and AC/DC Charging Teaching Platform
Models: ZC-QCG95
The power battery pack testing platform simulates new energy vehicle components, supporting testing, sorting, assembly, and diagnostics for power management systems, meeting the needs for teaching and training.
The power battery pack testing platform simulates new energy vehicle components, supporting testing, sorting, assembly, and diagnostics for power management systems, meeting the needs for teaching and training.
Intelligent Testing Platform for New Energy High-Voltage Electric Control Assessment System
Models: ZC-QCG96
The intelligent test platform simulates new energy vehicles’ systems and working conditions, helping students understand vehicle mechanisms and control strategies, while also serving as a test platform for developing the vehicle’s three-electric system, boosting engineers’ development capabilities.
The intelligent test platform simulates new energy vehicles’ systems and working conditions, helping students understand vehicle mechanisms and control strategies, while also serving as a test platform for developing the vehicle’s three-electric system, boosting engineers’ development capabilities.
Why Choose Our Electric Vehicle Training Equipment?
Realistic, Hands-On Training
Our EV training systems deliver realistic, hands-on simulations of both electric and hybrid vehicle components, giving students the opportunity to interact directly with live systems. This practical experience is essential in today’s fast-changing automotive landscape, ensuring learners develop the skills they need to succeed in the real world.
Cutting-Edge Technology
Our training equipment integrates the latest advancements in electric vehicle technology. From high-voltage system trainers to sophisticated diagnostic tools and power management systems, our products keep your training programs at the cutting edge. Equip your institution with the most up-to-date EV technology, ensuring your students are prepared for tomorrow’s automotive industry challenges.
Durable and Reliable
Constructed with high-quality materials and designed for continuous use, our EV training tools are built to last. Whether for classroom demonstrations or hands-on workshops, our equipment ensures durability and reliability. With our products, your institution can confidently provide consistent, smooth-running training experiences for years to come.
Applications of Electric Vehicle Training Equipment
Technical Schools and Universities
As electric vehicles become the future of the automotive industry, training students in EV technology is essential. Our equipment, such as the Hybrid System Engine Trainer, is perfect for universities and technical schools looking to equip their students with hands-on experience in electric and hybrid vehicle systems. These tools help students gain practical knowledge that will set them up for success in the rapidly growing EV field.
Automotive Workshops and Service Centers
For automotive workshops and service centers, staying ahead in the EV market is crucial. Our Electric Vehicle Drive Motor Disassembly Trainer helps technicians develop critical skills in maintaining, diagnosing, and repairing electric and hybrid vehicles. These training tools provide real-world experience, making sure your technicians are ready to service the latest EV models efficiently.
Research and Development Centers
In R&D centers, innovation is key to advancing EV technology. Our Hybrid System Engine Transmissions and Power Battery Testing Platforms provide R&D teams with the tools they need to test, analyze, and improve electric and hybrid systems. These platforms allow for precise experimentation and development, supporting the creation of next-generation EV technologies.
How to Choose the Right Electric Vehicle Training Equipment
Consider the Training Focus
The right training equipment depends on your specific focus. Whether you’re teaching battery management, electric drive systems, or hybrid vehicle components, we offer a range of training solutions tailored to each area of EV education. Our equipment is designed to provide hands-on experience, allowing students or technicians to master the key systems of electric and hybrid vehicles.
Quality and Durability Matter
When selecting EV training equipment, it’s important to prioritize quality and durability. Our products are made from high-quality materials to withstand heavy use in demanding environments. Designed for long-term reliability, our training tools ensure that your educational program can run smoothly without frequent maintenance or replacements.
Look for Technical Support and After-Sales Service
Beyond just the equipment, excellent customer support is essential for your training program’s success. We offer comprehensive technical support, including installation, maintenance, and troubleshooting. Our dedicated team ensures your EV training systems perform optimally, so you can focus on delivering top-notch education without worrying about equipment issues.
Why Choose Zhongcai?
Our goal at Zhongcai is to provide you with the expertise and support you need, so you can focus on what you do best – shaping the future of automotive education. Let us handle the rest, and together, we’ll achieve excellence. Discover the Zhongcai advantage. Contact us today to explore our comprehensive range of automotive training equipment and experience the difference in quality and service.
OEM & ODM Expertise
We excel in OEM & ODM services, crafting automotive training equipment to match your unique needs.
Competitive Value
Zhongcai offers competitive pricing without any compromise on the excellence of our products.
Unwavering Quality
Our pride lies in delivering nothing but the finest automotive training equipment, backed by our commitment to quality.
Technical Prowess
Our dedicated team, led by Zhongcai, provides unmatched technical support, ensuring you access cutting-edge training solutions.
Global Reach
Simplifying the procurement process, Zhongcai offers comprehensive solutions for international tenders.
Speedy and Secure Delivery
Rely on Zhongcai for prompt and secure delivery, safeguarding your valuable equipment
FAQ: Electric Vehicle Training Equipment
Q1: What is EV training equipment used for?
A1: It’s designed to teach electric and hybrid vehicle systems, including motor assembly, battery management, and diagnostics.
Q2: How do I choose the right EV training equipment?
A2: Choose based on your focus (motor systems, battery management, or hybrid technology) and ensure quality, durability, and support.
Q3: Does your equipment simulate real-world EV issues?
A3: Yes, our trainers simulate real-world EV and hybrid vehicle issues for hands-on troubleshooting and diagnostics.
Q4: What support do you offer after purchase?
A4: We provide full technical support, including installation, maintenance, and troubleshooting.
Q5: Are your systems suitable for both EVs and hybrids?
A5: Yes, we offer equipment for both electric and hybrid vehicle training.
Q6: Can the equipment be customized?
A6: Yes, we offer customizable solutions for your specific training needs.
Q7: How long does setup take?
A7: Setup time depends on the system, but we provide full installation support to ensure quick and easy setup.
Q8: What safety features are included?
A8: Our systems include safety features like overcurrent protection and insulation for safe high-voltage training.
Address:
Room 314, Building 3, Minjie Technology Innovation Center, Beitai Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou
Email:
biz.m@gdzcee.com
Phone
+86 130 5448 4532
